Decisión de la madre y acompañamiento psicológico en las tres causales del aborto entre 2018 y 2020 en Chile

Abstract

Introduction: In Chile, the termination of pregnancy was decriminalized under three causes in 2017, with the right to an accompaniment program. It is important to describe the frequency of the Voluntary Interruption of Pregnancy (VIP) in each of the causes, and the acceptance or rejection of psychological support in Chile during the period 2018-2020.

Materials and methods: Descriptive, ecological study. Data on the mother's decision about the interruption of pregnancy and accompaniment in the three exceptions in Chile, in the period 2018-2020, were studied from the database of the Department of Health Statistics and Information with a (n = 2,208). Ethics committee was not required.

Results: The second cause constitutes 50% of the total. Those who interrupted the pregnancy correspond to 84.30%, 81.79% and 84.47% in the years 2018, 2019 and 2020 respectively. The cases of interruption were 83.45%, 80.07% and 92.05% due to the first, second and third causes respectively. Of the beneficiaries, 85.05% accepted the accompaniment.

Discussion: According to estimates, VIP cases should amount to 2,500-3,000 per year, and in 3 years 2,208 cases have been covered. During 2020 the beneficiaries decreased, which could be explained by the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. 50.00% of the beneficiaries were in the second cause, this could be due to the regulation of quarterly ultrasound checks. Although the third cause is not the most frequent, it has the highest percentage of people who opted for the interruption (92.05%). 85.05% of the beneficiaries accepted the accompaniment, being higher in the third cause (91.77%), this is expected since sexual violence is a risk factor for mental disorders.